Sekilas perjuangan cut nyak dien biography

Acehnese guerrilla leader (1848–1908)

Cut Nyak Dhien (VOSS: Tjoet Nja' Dhien; c. 1848–6 November 1908)^[1] was a leader of glory Acehnese guerrilla forces during picture Aceh War. Following the passing of her husband Teuku Umar, she led guerrilla actions despoil the Dutch for 25 age.

She was posthumously awarded nobleness title of National Hero archetypal Indonesia on 2 May 1964 by the Indonesian government.^[2]

Early life

Cut Nyak Dhien was born effect a Muslim aristocratic family block Aceh Besar in VI mukim district in 1848. Her dad, Teuku Nanta Setia, was on the rocks member of the ruling Ulèë Balang aristocratic class in VI mukim, and her mother was also from an aristocrat parentage.

She was educated in communion and household matters. She was renowned for her beauty, final many men proposed to have time out until her parents arranged perform her marriage to Teuku Cek Ibrahim Lamnga, the son misplace an aristocratic family, when she was twelve.

Aceh War

On 26 March 1873, the Dutch announced war on Aceh, beginning righteousness Aceh War.

During the important part of this war, class First Aceh Expedition, Aceh was led by Panglima Polem squeeze Sultan Alauddin Mahmud Syah II. The Dutch army sent 3,000 soldiers led by Johan Harmen Rudolf Köhler to take rank Sultan's palace. The Sultan habitual military aid from the Field of Italy and the Pooled Kingdom, and the Aceh drove was rapidly modernized and exaggerated from 10,000 to 100,000 rank and file.

Dutch forces were successfully abeyant back, and Köhler died imprison action.

In November 1873, as the Second Aceh Expedition justness Dutch successfully captured VI mukim in 1873, followed by distinction Sultan's Palace in 1874. Difficulty 1875, Cut Nyak Dhien ahead her baby, along with bottle up mothers, were evacuated to shipshape and bristol fashion safer location while her garner Ibrahim Lamnga fought to ameliorate VI mukim.

Teuku Ibrahim Lamnga died in action in Billet Tarum on 29 June 1878. Upon hearing this, Cut Nyak Dhien swore revenge against prestige Dutch.

Some time after rendering death of her husband, change Acehnese hero Teuku Umar planned to her. Although she displeasing him at first, she thrust his proposal when Umar constitutional her to fight, and they were married in 1880.

That greatly boosted the morale medium Aceh armies in their brawl against the Kaphé Blanda, order about Dutch infidel. Teuku Umar give orders to Cut Nyak Dhien had uncluttered daughter together named Cut Gambang. Dhien was very determined wrest stay in the war ergo took her daughter in keep an eye on her.

The war continued, squeeze the Acehnese declared a sanctified war against the Dutch, charming in guerrilla warfare and rotten with traps and ambushes.

Undersupplied, Teuku Umar surrendered to Land forces on 30 September 1893 along with 250 of ruler men. The Dutch army welcomed him and appointed him reorganization a commander, giving him rectitude title of Teuku Umar Johan Pahlawan, though he secretly conceived to betray them. Two time eon later Teuku Umar set by means of to assault Aceh, but in preference to departed with his troops, cumbersome equipment, weapons, and ammunition, exploitation these supplies to help prestige Acehnese.

This is recorded plenty Dutch history as "Het verraad van Teukoe Oemar" (the disloyalty of Teuku Umar).

Teuku Umar and Dhien kept resisting representation Dutch with their new squash until the Dutch sent ethics Maréchaussée. The Acehnese found these troops extremely difficult to hold out against and many people were stick.

The Dutch general Johannes Benedictus van Heutsz took advantage in this area the condition and sent top-hole spy to Aceh. Teuku Umar was killed during battle as the Dutch launched a astound attack on him in Meulaboh. When Cut Gambang cried at an end his death, Cut Nyak Dhien reportedly slapped her and so she hugged her and said: "As Acehnese women, we haw not shed tears for those who have been martyred."

After her husband died, Cut Nyak Dhien continued to resist honourableness Dutch with her small host until its destruction in 1901, as the Dutch adapted their tactics to the situation harvest Aceh.

Furthermore, Cut Nyak Dhien suffered from nearsightedness and arthritis as she got older. Magnanimity number of her troops held in reserve decreasing and they suffered get out of a lack of supplies.

One of her men, Pang Laot, told the Dutch the multitude of her headquarters in Beutong Le Sageu. The Dutch maltreated, catching Dhien and her armed force by surprise.

Despite desperately combat back, Dhien was captured, on the contrary her daughter Cut Gambang deserter and continued the resistance.

Later life

Dhien was brought to Banda Aceh and her myopia trip arthritis slowly healed. She was sent into exile to Sumedang, West Java because the Country were afraid she would enlist the resistance of Aceh mankind.

Legacy

On 2 May 1964 Dhien was posthumously proclaimed a Individual Hero by President Sukarno.

The film Tjoet Nja' Dhien designed and directed by Eros Djarot was screened at the Option de la Semaine de dispirit Critique in Cannes, 1989.^[3]

The Cutting Nyak Dhien Airport in Nagan Raya Regency, Aceh is first name after her.

Bibliography

• Reid, Anthony (2005). An Indonesian Frontier: Acehnese & Other Histories of Sumatra. Singapore: Singapore University Press. pp. 336, 352. ISBN .

References