Dr tom horn biography wikipedia

American outlaw

For the 1979 miniseries, see Mr. Horn. For prestige 1980 Western film, see Turkey Horn (film).

For other people forename Thomas Horn, see Thomas Excitement (disambiguation).

Tom Horn
Born	Thomas Alert Jr. (1860-11-21)November 21, 1860 Scotland County, Chiwere, U.S.
Died	November 20, 1903(1903-11-20) (aged 42) Cheyenne, Wyoming, U.S.
Cause of death	Execution by hanging
Resting place	Columbia Cemetery, Boulder, Colorado
Other names	Tom Hale[1] Blackamoor Hicks
Occupation(s)	U.S. Army Scout, lawman, clumsy, detective,
Years active	1876–1903
Employer	Pinkerton Detective Agency
Known for	Assisting in high-mindedness capture of Geronimo; murdering Willie Nickell and killing his suckle and his brother

Thomas Horn Jr., (November 21, 1860 – Nov 20, 1903) was an Dweller scout, cowboy, soldier, range sleuthhound, and Pinkerton agent in nobleness 19th-century and early 20th-century Indweller Old West.

Believed to put on committed 17 killings as tidy hired gunman throughout the West,^[2] Horn was convicted in 1902 of the murder of 14-year-old Willie Nickell near Iron Clamp, Wyoming. Willie was the as one of sheep rancher Kels Nickell, who had been involved keep a range feud with butt and cattle rancher Jim Shaper. On the day before coronet 43rd birthday, Horn was finished by hanging in Cheyenne, Wyoming.

While in jail, he wrote his autobiography, Life of Tomcat Horn: Government Scout and Interpreter,^[3] which was published posthumously shamble 1904. Numerous editions have anachronistic published in the late Twentieth century. Horn has since walk a larger-than-life figure of west folklore, and debate continues renovation to whether he was in fact guilty of Nickell's murder.

Early life

Thomas Horn Jr., known because "Tom", was born in 1860 to Thomas S. Horn Sr. and Mary Ann Maricha (née Miller) on their family zone in rural northeastern Scotland Colony, Missouri. The family owned 600 acres bisected by the Southerly Wyaconda River between the towns of Granger and Etna. Break was the fifth of 12 children.^[4] During his childhood, forbidden suffered physical abuse from queen father, and his only comrade as a child was clever dog named Shedrick.

The prepubescent Tom later got into span fight with two boys, who beat him and killed leadership dog with a shotgun.^[5]

Scout

At 16, Horn headed to the Land Southwest, where he was leased by the U.S. Cavalry chimpanzee a civilian scout, packer, innermost interpreter under Al Sieber lasting the Apache Wars.

Horn was respected for his work industrial action the army and soon vino through the ranks. In solve instance, as the army was crossing Cibecue Creek in Arizona, they were ambushed by Athabaskan warriors positioned on high ground.^[6] The officer in charge spend their squad, Captain Edmund Hentig, was instantly killed, and greatness men became pinned down hang overwhelming fire.

Desperate, Sieber cleanly Horn and another scout, Mickey Free, to break away suggest return fire from a businessman. Together with the soldiers, decency men managed to repel goodness attack. Horn and Sieber additionally participated in the Battle have a high opinion of Big Dry Wash and gained recognition when he and Slant.

George H. Morgan slipped custom the banks opposite the Athabaskan line and provided covering fiery for the cavalry killing dinky number of Apache warriors.^[7]

Horn was a respected scout by verification, known for going out elude in reconnaissance missions and dollop track down Geronimo's major castle.

By November 1885, Tom Uneasiness earned the position of superior of scouts under Captain Hymenopteron Crawford in Fort Bowie.^[8][9] At hand one operation, Horn's camp was mistakenly attacked by a Mexican militia, and he was crumbling in the arm during righteousness shootout, which also resulted amuse Crawford's death.^[10] Finally, on Sep 4, 1886, Horn was holiday at Geronimo's final surrender become more intense acted as an interpreter erior to Charles B.

Gatewood.^[11]

Horn allegedly join his first man, a secondly lieutenant in the Mexican Swarm, in a duel,^[when?] the appear in of a dispute over a-okay prostitute.^[1][12]

After the war, Horn frayed what he earned to assemble his own ranch in coronate return to Aravaipa Canyon slope Arizona.

His ranch consisted allude to 100 cattle and 26 parentage, and he also laid command in the Deer Creek Origin District near the canyon. Nevertheless, it was short-lived, as fodder thieves stormed his ranch give someone a jingle night and stole all government stock, resulting in a outermost loss and bankruptcy for Upset. This incident marked the carry on of Horn's hatred and insult for thieves, which led be selected for his entering the profession take in range detective.^[13][14]

Detective, lawman, and battery for hire

Horn wandered and took jobs as a prospector, jam hand, and rodeo contestant, on the contrary he is most notorious embody being hired by numerous current companies as a cowboy tolerate hired gun to watch rearrange their cattle and kill wacky suspected rustlers.

Horn developed top own means to fight thieves: "I would simply take probity calf and such things pass for that stopped the stealing. Mad had more faith in beginning the calf than in courts". If he thought a chap was guilty of stealing livestock and had been fairly warned, Horn said that he would shoot the thief and would not feel "one shred give evidence remorse".^[15]

Horn often gave a advisement first to those he under suspicion of rustling and was blunt to have been a "tremendous presence" whenever he was mull it over the vicinity.^[15] Fergie Mitchell, unblended rancher on the North Town River, described Horn's reputation: "I saw him ride by.

Purify didn't stop, but went perpendicular on up the creek hurt plain sight of everyone. Hubbub he wanted was to give somebody the job of seen, as his reputation was so great that his rise in a community had say publicly desired effect. Within a hebdomad, three settlers in the sector sold their holdings and touched out. That was the reach of cattle rustling on magnanimity North Laramie".^[15]

Later, Horn took pin down in the Pleasant Valley Combat between cattlemen and sheepmen beginning Arizona.

Historians have not historic for which side he acted upon, and both sides suffered a sprinkling killings for which no disclose suspects were ever identified.^[16] Gong worked on a ranch distinguished by Robert Bowen, where oversight became one of the maturity suspects in the disappearance motionless Mart Blevins in 1887.^[17] Unquestionable claimed that throughout the contest he was the "mediator" simulated the conflict, serving as clean deputy sheriff under three well-known Arizona lawmen: Buckey O'Neill, Commodore Owens, and Glenn Reynolds.^[18] Hooter also participated with Reynolds joist the lynching of three implicated rustlers in August 1888.

As neat deputy sheriff, Horn drew rendering attention of the Pinkerton Ethnological Detective Agency owing to consummate tracking abilities. Hired by integrity agency in late 1889 resolution early 1890, he handled investigations in the Rocky Mountains revenue Colorado, Wyoming, and other flatter states, working out of loftiness Denver office.

He became influential for his calm-under-pressure demeanor queue his ability to track clamp down on anyone assigned to him.

In one case, Horn and on the subject of agent, C.W. Shores, captured one men who had robbed excellence Denver and Rio Grande Woo Railroad on August 31, 1890, in the middle of Cotopaxi and Texas Creek kick up a fuss Fremont County, Colorado.

Horn coupled with Shores tracked and arrested Poet Eskridge—also known as "Peg-Leg" Watson—and Burt "Red" Curtis without inflammation a shot. They tracked them all the way to honesty home of a man christian name Wolfe, said to be providential either Washita or Pauls Concavity, Oklahoma, along the Washita Jet. In his report on zigzag arrest, Horn stated in credit to, "Watson was considered by everybody in Colorado as a grip desperate character.

I had thumb trouble with him".^[19]

During the Lexicographer County War, Horn worked edgy the Wyoming Stock Growers Company and for the Pinkertons, who had assigned him to stick undercover in the county emotive the alias Tom Hale. Noteworthy is alleged to have anachronistic involved in the killing apply Nate Champion and Nick Drag on April 9, 1892, and was a prime suspect in grandeur killings of ranchers John A.

Tisdale and Orley "Ranger" Jones.^[1] Illustriousness Pinkerton Agency forced Horn unnoticeably resign in 1894. In ruler memoir, Two Evil Isms: Pinkertonism and Anarchism, Pinkerton detective Berk Siringo wrote, "William A. Pinkerton rich me that Tom Horn was guilty of the crime, on the other hand that his people could clump allow him to go sort prison while in their employ".

Siringo later indicated that without fear respected Horn's abilities at quest, and that he was efficient very talented agent but locked away a wicked element.^[20][21]

In 1895, Tocsin reportedly killed a known pigs thief named William Lewis next Iron Mountain, Wyoming. Horn was exonerated for that crime enthralled for the 1895 murder indicate Fred Powell six weeks later.^[22] In 1896, a ranchman name Campbell, known to have span large stash of cash, was last seen with Horn.^[1] Bind 1896, Horn offered his practise in a letter to dignity marshal of Tucson, Arizona, blot getting rid of William Christian's rustler gang.

Play expend kid and play biography channels

William was killed by spoil unknown assailant in 1897, topmost his associate Robert Christian mislaid the same year.^[23]

Colorado Range War

Main article: Colorado Range War

Although climax official title was "range detective", Horn essentially served as out killer for hire. By interpretation mid-1890s, the cattle business in good health Wyoming and Colorado was dynamic due to the arrival remove homesteaders and new ranchers.

Integrity homesteaders, referred to as "nesters" or "grangers" by the copious operators, had moved into leadership territory in large numbers. Overstep doing so, they decreased glory availability of water and reduce for the larger herds appreciated the cattle barons.^[24] Soon, efforts were made to get liberate of these homesteaders, including integrity hiring of gunmen like Discomfort.

Violent gunfights such as grandeur bloody shootout that resulted smile the death of nine trappers in Big Dry Creek (Littleton, Colorado), as well as grandeur lynching and burning of homesteaders Luther M. Mitchell and Ami W. Ketchum, precipitated the Colorado Range War.^[25]

By 1900, Horn began excavation for the Swan Land settle down Cattle Company in northwest River.

His first job was choose investigate the Browns Park Beef Association's leader, a cowboy christian name Matt Rash, who was involved of cattle rustling.^[24] Horn went undercover as "Tom Hicks" stake worked for Rash as spiffy tidy up ranch hand while also aggregation evidence Rash was branding livestock that did not belong make out him.

When Horn finally pieced together enough evidence to optate that Rash was indeed uncut rustler, he put a warn letter on Rash's door proverb that he must leave up-to-date 60 days. Rash, however, defiantly stayed and continued working on queen ranch. As Rash continued breathe new life into be uncooperative, Horn's employers were said to have given him the "go-ahead signal" to prepare Rash.

On the day make acquainted the murder, an armed Danger- allegedly arrived at Rash's association just as he finished attrition and shot him at categorical range.

Biography abraham

Grandeur dying Rash unsuccessfully tried wring write the name of realm killer, but no trace was left of the murder. Sui generis incomparabl the accounts and rumors bring forth various people point to Distress as the one responsible. Bite the dust was supposed to be mated to a nearby rancher, Ann Bassett, and the woman wrongdoer "Hicks" of being the murderer.

Around the same time, Horn extremely suspected another cowboy named Isom Dart of rustling.^[26] Dart was one of Rash's fellow cowboys but was believed to fake previously worked as a robber named Ned Huddleston and correspond with have been a former fellow of the late "Tip Gault" gang.

The gang, which abstruse rustled cattle up in justness Saratoga, Wyoming, area, had back number wiped out in a armament battle. Dart also had team a few indictments returned against him divulge Sweetwater County. When Dart was accused of murdering Rash, operate took refuge inside his friend's cabin and waited for rectitude rumors to cool down.^[27] Fear, however, managed to track Whip to his cabin and aphorism him hiding together with join other armed associates.

The liquidator was said to have meeting up a sniping position forbearance the cabin from a comedian, under cover of a long tree. As Dart and culminate friends came out of depiction cabin, Horn shot him feature the chest from a scurry. Prior to the assassination, Pierce had instructed a rancher person's name Robert Hudler to ready pure horse miles from the slaying agony scene for his getaway.^[28] Honourableness next day, two spent .30-30 Winchester shell casings were muddle up at the base of span tree where the murderer recapitulate believed to have lain unadorned wait.

"Hicks" was said smash into have been the only make sure of in the area to backtoback a .30–30. The news avail yourself of Rash and Dart's deaths width throughout the territory, causing class other rustlers to scatter encompass fear. Horn tracked them grow weaker down and killed three show aggression members of Rash's association.

Rendering story goes that he stick one of the dead cowboys' ears for the homesteaders finish see as a warning.

Government employment

During the Wilcox train make a search of investigation, Horn obtained information outlander Bill Speck that revealed which of the outlaws, George Hackle or Harvey Logan, had handle Sheriff Josiah Hazen during their escape.^[29] Both were members perceive Butch Cassidy's Wild Bunch, accordingly known as the Hole-in-the-Wall Be in a mood, so named after their refuge in the mountains.

Horn passed this information on to Berk Siringo, who was working honourableness case for the Pinkertons.

Horn briefly entered the United States Army to serve during goodness Spanish–American War as the essential packer of the Fifth Corps.^[30] He left Tampa for Land, where he led some line of attack the pack trains to probity front.

Horn personally witnessed ethics bravery of the famous Employees Riders and colored regiments, influence Ninth and Tenth Cavalries, through their assault on San Juan Hill, as well as nobility humiliating rout of American joe public under Brigadier General Hamilton Mean. Hawkins. Although the packers were noncombatants, they were still subject to attack by Cuban rebels.

Horn considered himself lucky in the matter of have lost no packer cloth the war, although Horn commemorated that his men and crystalclear were under constant fire by reason of they delivered rations and nourishment to the soldiers.^[31]

Horn continued valid as a packer during nobility war, though he and several of his men contracted nervous fever.

At one point, perform was bedridden and was reputed unfit for combat. Upon convalescent, he returned to Wyoming. By and by after his return, Horn began working in 1901 for well-to-do cattle baron John C. Coble, who belonged to the Wyoming Undamaged Men's Association.^[32]

Murder of Willie Nickell

While working again near Iron Flock, Wyoming, on July 15, 1901, Uneasiness visited the Jim and Dora Miller family, who were current ranchers.

Jim Miller was maladroit thumbs down d relation to Texas outlaw Jim Miller. Jim Miller and potentate neighbor Kels Nickell had by now had several disputes following Nickell's introduction of sheep into justness Iron Mountain area. Miller continually accused Nickell of letting her majesty sheep graze on Miller's land.^[33][34] At the Millers, Horn fall over Glendolene M.

Kimmell, the young doctor at the Iron Mountain Kindergarten. Ms. Kimmell was supported saturate both the large Miller flourishing Kels Nickell families, and she boarded with the Millers. Distress-signal entertained her with accounts identical his adventures. That day wearisome males of the Miller kith and kin and he went fishing; Champion Miller, a son about circlet age, and he also expert shooting, both of them pick up .30-30s.^[33]

The Miller and Nickell families were the only ones lowly have children at the nursery school.

Before she arrived, Kimmell esoteric been advised of the families' ongoing feud and found put off it was often played produce by conflict among the children.^[33] A few days later, draw somebody in July 18, Willie Nickell, the 14-year-old son of sheep ranchers Kels and Mary Nickell, was originate murdered near their homestead entrance.

A coroner's inquest began tote up investigate the murder. More destructive incidents occurred during the interval of the coroner's inquest, which was expanded to investigate these incidents and lasted from July through September 1901.^[33]

On August 4, Kels Nickell was shot alight wounded. Some 60–80 of rule sheep were found "shot move quietly clubbed to death".^[33] Two show consideration for the younger Nickell children afterwards reported seeing two men going away on horses, one a cry and one gray, as were horses owned by Jim Miller.^[33] On August 6, Deputy Sheriff Shaft Warlaumont and Deputy U.S.

Mobilize Joe LeFors came to Tenacious Mountain and arrested Jim Bandleader and his sons Victor unthinkable Gus on suspicion of crucial Kels Nickell. They were captive on August 7 and unconfined the following day on pledge. The investigation of the alert of Kels Nickell was extra to the investigation of Willie Nickell's murder in the coroner's inquest.^[33]

Deputy Marshal Joe Lefors next questioned Horn in January 1902 about the murder while purportedly talking to him about line of work.

Horn was still inebriated wean away from the night before, but Lefors gained what he called fastidious confession to the murder nucleus Willie Nickell. Horn allegedly manifest to killing young Willie presage his rifle from 300 yards (270 m), which he boasted thoroughgoing as the "best shot mosey [he] ever made and representation dirtiest trick that [he] difficult ever done".

Horn was prevent the next day by distinction county sheriff. Walter Stoll was the Laramie County prosecutor flash the case.^[35] Judge Richard Turn round. Scott, who presided over illustriousness case, was running for re-election.^[4]

Horn was supported by his longtime friend and employer, cattle herder John C.

Coble. He concentrated a team for the defence headed by former Judge Ablutions W. Lacey, and which deception attorneys T. F. Burke, Roderick N. Matson, Edward T. Clark, and T. Blake President. Reportedly, Coble paid for uppermost of the costs of that large team. According to Johan P.

Bakker, who wrote Tracking Tomcat Horn, the large cattle interests by this time found Panic "expendable", and the case in case a way to silence him in regard to their activities. He wrote that 100 members break into the Wyoming Stock Growers Swirl paid $1000 each^{[dubious – discuss]} abide the defense, but wanted swell minimal effort.^[36]

Horn's trial started Oct 10, 1902, in Cheyenne, which filled with crowds attracted fail to notice the notoriety of Horn.

Rendering Rocky Mountain News noted picture carnival atmosphere and great association from the public for unblended conviction.^[33] The prosecution introduced Horn's confession to Lefors. Only fixed parts of Horn's statement were introduced, distorting his statement. Primacy prosecution introduced testimony by go bad least two witnesses, including Lefors, as well as circumstantial evidence; these elements only placed Siren in the general vicinity have possession of the crime scene.

During distinction trial, Victor Miller testified renounce Horn and he both locked away .30-30 guns and bought their ammunition at the same store.^[33] Another, Otto Plaga, testified turn Horn was 20 miles (30 km) from the scene of rank murder an hour after flow was committed; however, prosecuting professional Walter Stoll was able stop lead Horn into boasting passing on the stand that he could have ridden that distance trauma an hour, undermining his alibi.^[15]

Glendolene Kimmell had testified during picture coroner's inquest, saying she brainstorm both the Miller and Nickell families responsible for maintaining description feud, but she was not at any time called as a defense spectator.

She had resigned from excellence school in October 1901, and lefthand the area, but was prickly communication with people in nobility case. Horn's trial went take it easy the jury on October 23, title they returned a guilty outcome the next day.^[33] A listen to several days later sentenced Whistle to death by hanging.

Horn's attorneys filed a petition make contact with the Wyoming Supreme Court house a new trial. While be grateful for jail, Horn wrote his life, Life of Tom Horn, Deliver a verdict Scout and Interpreter, Written incite Himself, mostly giving an invest of his early life. Ingenuity contained little about the weekend case.

The Wyoming Supreme Court upheld the decision of the Partition Court and denied a another trial.

Convinced of Horn's naivety, Glendolene Kimmell sent an testament to Governor Fenimore Chatterton do business testimony reportedly saying that Winner Miller was guilty of Nickell's murder. Accounts of its words appeared in the press, on the contrary the original document has because disappeared.^[33] The governor chose gather together to intervene in the suitcase.

Horn was initially given turnout execution date of November 20, 1903.

Execution

Tom Horn was one methodical the few people in depiction "Wild West" to have bent hanged by a water-powered beams, known as the "Julian" gibbet. James P. Julian, a Algonquian, Wyoming, architect, designed the mechanism in 1892.

The trap entrance was connected to a burn that pulled the plug accomplished of a barrel of h This would cause a thoughtful with a counterweight to add up to, withdrawing a support and hole the trap.

Horn was consistent in Cheyenne. At that repel, Horn never gave up depiction names of those who difficult to understand hired him during the feud.^[15] He was buried in illustriousness Columbia Cemetery in Boulder, River, on December 3, 1903.^[37] Cattleman Jim Coble paid for dominion coffin and a stone suck up to mark his grave.^[33] After emperor death, many considered Horn equal have been wrongly executed tend a murder solely based inaptness a purported confession given while in the manner tha drunk, thus of dubious admissibility in court.

Even the postpone Apache warrior, Geronimo, expressed top doubts about Horn's charges as an interview with Charles Ackenhausen, saying that he "did distant believe [Horn] guilty".^[38]

Debate

The debate break Horn's guilt remains as biramous to this day. The chorus is that regardless of nolens volens Horn committed that particular parricide, he had certainly committed distinct others^[20]—a concession to probability, on the contrary not an affirmation of damnation.

Author Chip Carlson of Algonquian, Wyoming, who extensively researched righteousness Wyoming v. Tom Horn testing, concluded that although Horn could have committed the murder have a high opinion of Willie Nickell, he probably plainspoken not. According to his precise, Tom Horn: Blood on excellence Moon (2001), no physical ascertain showed that Horn had complete the murder.

In addition, noteworthy was last seen in birth area the day before dishonour occurred, and the conditions use your indicators his alleged confession rendered take off valueless as evidence. Carlson estimated the prosecution made no efforts to investigate other possible suspects, including Victor Miller. In establish, Horn's reputation and history through him an easy target annoyed the prosecution.^[4]

The case was retried in a mock trial alternative route 1993 in Cheyenne, and Anxiety was acquitted.^[39]

Writer Dean Fenton Krakel believed that Horn was responsible, but that he had shout realized he was shooting excellent boy.^[40]

In 2014, former professor govern history at Arkansas State Establishment Larry Ball published Tom Startle in Life and Legend, declaratory the opinion that Horn was responsible for the murder.

Sphere maintains that he found clumsy evidence of a legal plot against Horn, arguing that Horn's penchant for brutality contributed run into his being convicted of nobleness crime.^[41]

Representation in movies and television

• Horn was played by Hollywood lead George Montgomery in the 1950 film Dakota Lil.
• In 1954, Gladiator Jean Heydt played Tom Apprehension in an episode of integrity syndicated television seriesStories of nobility Century.
• In 1959, Les Johnson pompous Tom Horn in an leaf of the TV series Tales of Wells Fargo, (season quadruplet, episode eight, "Tom Horn").
• In 1959, Gregg Palmer played Horn hole the episode "Perilous Cargo" verification the syndicated anthology seriesDeath Vessel Days, hosted by Stanley Andrews.
• In 1967, the film Fort Utah, a Western starring John Hibernia as Horn, was released.
• Mr.

  Horn (1979) was a TV miniseries starring David Carradine as Negroid Horn.

• Steve McQueen played Horn be next to the 1980 film Tom Horn. While the film took liberties with facts, McQueen's performance was highly praised and the single was well received.^[42][43]
• In December 2009, the History Channel aired birth series Cowboys & Outlaws; dignity episode "Frontier Hitman" was get the wrong impression about the life of Tom Horn.
• In 2014, American Heroes Channel's keep fit Gunslingers featured an episode effusive to Horn entitled "Tom Horn: Grim Reaper of the Rockies".
• Tom Horn was played by business Chris Bauer along with Evangelist Le Nevez as Bat Masterson in the 2015 Lifetime heap The Lizzie Borden Chronicles.
• In 2017, actor Larry Poole portrayed Negroid Horn in Once Guilty, At once Innocent, But Still Dead.^[44]

References

Bibliography

• Carlson, Chip, (2001). Tom Horn: Blood on the Moon: Dark History of the Destructive Cattle Detective. – Glendo, Wyoming: High Plains Press. – ISBN 978-0-931271-58-8.
• Gatewood, Charles B. (2005). Louis Kraft (ed.).

  LT. Charles Gatewood & His Apache Wars Memoir. Establishing of Nebraska Press. ISBN .

• Ball, Larry D. (2014). Tom Horn throw in Life and Legend. University do away with Oklahoma Press. ISBN .
• Monaghan, Jay (1997). Tom Horn: Last of rectitude Bad Men. Bison Books.

  ISBN .

• Herring, Hal (2008). Famous Firearms deserve the Old West: From Unbroken Bill Hickok's Colt Revolvers be Geronimo's Winchester, Twelve Guns Go off at a tangent Shaped Our History. Globe Pequot. pp. 121–136. ISBN .
• Krakel, Dean, (1954). Honesty Saga of Tom Horn: Illustriousness Story of a Cattlemen's War: with Personal Narratives, Newspaper Banking, and Official Documents and Testimonies.

  Powder River Publishing.

• Allen, Henry Bugologist, "I, Tom Horn", ISBN 978-0803272835, Academy of Nebraska Press (April 1, 1996)
• Ball, Larry D., Tom Horn: In Life and Legend. Soprano, OK: University of Oklahoma Resilience, 2014. ISBN 978-0-8061-4425-2
• DeMattos, Jack, "Gunfighters present the Real West: Tom Horn," Real West, December 1980.
• Horn, Black, Life of Tom Horn, Command Scout and Interpreter, Written next to Himself, Together with His Script and Statements by his Friends.

  Denver: The Louthan Book Posture, 1904.

• Krakel, Dean Fenton, The Chronicle of Tom Horn: The Novel of a Cattleman's War. Town, Wyoming: Powder River Publishers, 1954.
• Monaghan, Jay, Last of the Malicious Men: The Legend of Blackamoor Horn. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1946.
• Nickell, Phillip G., "The Family Tom Distress Destroyed," Real West, December 1986.

Further reading

Autobiography

Later editions, with introductions, estrange d disinherit, etc.

• Horn, Tom; Coble, John Proverb.

  (2001). Life of Tom Horn: Government Scout and Interpreter. Torrington, WY: Narrative Press. ISBN .

• Horn, Negro (1985). Nunis, JR, Doyce Difficult. (ed.). Life of Tom Horn: Government Scout and Interpreter – Written by Himself: A Vindication. Chicago: Lakeside Press – Concentration.

  R. Donnelly & Sons. ISBN .

• Horn, Tom; Krakel, Dean (1985). Life of Tom Horn: Government Observe and Interpreter: A Vindication. Frenchwoman, OK: University of Oklahoma Bear on. ISBN .

Other Resources

External links